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Category: Active Directory

May 19, 2025

Active Directory vs OpenLDAP vs FreeIPA

Authentication Protocols Active Directory Primary Protocol: Kerberos (v5) with NTLM fallback Authentication Flow: Client requests TGT from Domain Controller DC verifies credentials against database Client receives TGT and service tickets Encryption: AES-256 (default), supports RC4 for legacy Token Lifetime: Default 10 hours (configurable) Smart Card Support: Native through PKINIT OpenLDAP Primary Protocol: LDAP (v3) with SASL mechanisms **Authentication Methods: Simple…

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February 27, 2025

Complex Azure Failure Scenario: Massive Azure AD Infrastructure Outage and User Authentication Issues

Complex Azure Failure Scenario: Massive Azure AD Infrastructure Outage and User Authentication Issues Scenario: A company relies on Azure Active Directory (Azure AD) to manage access to all cloud and on-premises services, including Microsoft 365, Azure virtual machines, VPN access, SQL Database, and third-party SaaS solutions. The Problem: Suddenly, users begin reporting widespread issues: –…

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July 31, 2024

Microsoft Global Outage: Azure and 365 Services Down

Microsoft has issued an apology after reports of issues with its products, including email service Outlook and the popular game Minecraft. The company is investigating widespread outages that have affected access to some Microsoft 365 and Azure services. An alert on the company’s website confirmed that a network infrastructure issue was causing difficulties accessing Microsoft…

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July 9, 2024

How to prevent lateral movement to Entra ID when your Active Directory has fallen

Hey Hey, such a long read, but please take a time for review. At the moment, the biggest threat to an Entra ID tenant in the vast majority of environments comes from the connected Active Directory. Attackers are (currently) focusing heavily on on-prem environments, as these are generally much more difficult to protect and are…

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